Öğrencilerin Yaratıcılıklarının Geliştirilmesinde Açık Uçlu Problem Çözme Yaklaşımının Kullanım Alanları: Analitik Bir İnceleme

Abstract

The uses of open-ended problem solving to develop students’ creativity were investigat- ed through an analytical review. Twenty studies with high-quality indicators were selected. Participants in all studies were 7707 students. The average time spent in all inter- ventions was approximately 15 months. Stu- dents had observable improvement in 90% of the interventions. By using the analytic tech- nique across all studies, the authors found that (a) in 55% of the interventions, elemen- tary school students were included; (b) in 85% of the interventions, problem Types IV and V were used, and in 65% of the interven- tions problem Type VI was used; (c) in 50% of the interventions, open-ended problems were integrated with all academic subjects; (d) in 90% of the interventions, the perspec- tive of creativity was creativity as process; and (e) in 50% of the studies, open-ended problems were measured using nontradi- tional instruments. Future researchers should focus on integrating problem finding (i.e. Type VI) and implementing open-ended problem solving in more academic subjects and with students in upper levels of school.