Law for Gifted and Talented Education in South Korea: Its Development, Issues, and Prospects
Keywords:
üstün yetenekliler eğitiminin teşviki yasası, eğitimde yasal sistem, Güney Kore üstün yetenekliler eğitimi, gifted and talented education promotion act, educational legal system, policy and administration in South KoreaAbstract
Abstract
With the enactment of the Gifted and Talented Education Promotion Act (GTEPA) (2000) and the Gifted and Talented Education Promotion Enforcement Decree (GTEPED) (2002), South Korea acquired a full-fledged legal system for implementing gifted and talented education. Since 2000, the administration of gifted and talented education in South Korea entered a new level of development compared to the previous era. With the enactment, official defi- nitions of giftedness and gifted and talented education were adopted. Accordingly, gifted education was recognized and promulgated into society. The government mapped out a comprehensive plan for gifted education on legally firm ground with the concerted efforts from various ministries in the name of gifted and talented education. New types of educa- tional institutions and administrative systems for gifted education were founded such as gifted schools, gifted classes, gifted centers, and departments for gifted education. Lastly, the importance of educating each student in accordance with his/her potential gained more impetus when extremely low birthrates and an aging population threaten the sustainability of Korean society. In general, the enactment of the gifted education law acts as a divide of eras, before and after the law.
Key Words: gifted and talented education promotion act, educational legal system, policy and administration in South Korea
Öz
Üstün Zekâlı ve Yetenekliler Eğitiminin Teşvik Yasası (GTEPA) (2000) ve Üstün Zekâlı ve Yetenekliler Eğitiminin Teşvikinin İcra Kararı- nın (GTEPED) (2002) yürürlüğe girmesi ile birlikte Güney Kore üstün yetenekli ve zekâlı- ların eğitimleri uygulamalarında tam teşekkül- lü bir yasal sisteme sahip oldu. 2000 yılından bu yana, Güney Kore Üstün zekâlı ve yetenekli eğitimi uygulamaları önceki döneme kıyasla yeni bir gelişme düzeyini girdi. Yasal düzen- lemeler ile birlikte resmi “üstün zekâ” ve “üs- tün zekâlıların eğitimi” tanımları geliştirildi. Buna bağlı olarak üstün yeteneklilerin eğitimi- nin toplumsal tanınırlığı ve yaygınlığı arttı. Hükümet Üstün zekâlı ve yeteneklilerin eğiti- mi için çeşitli bakanlıkların ortak çabaları ile yasal zemini sağlam kapsamlı bir plan geliştir- di. Üstün yetenekliler için okulu, sınıfı, merkez ve bölümler gibi yeni tip eğitim kurumları ve idari sistem geliştirildi. Son olarak çok düşük doğum oranları ve yaşlanan bir nüfus Kore toplumunun sürdürülebilirliği tehdit ettiğin- den, her öğrencinin potansiyeline uygun eği- tim almasının önemi daha da artmıştır. Genel olarak üstün yetenekliler eğitimi kanun öncesi ve sonrası olmak üzere iki dönemde incelene- bilir.
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